Cultures of interdisciplinary teams: how to foster good dynamics.

نویسندگان

  • Jeanie Youngwerth
  • Martha Twaddle
چکیده

Teamwork is the most effective approach in which to accomplish complex tasks. In general, teamwork has been shown to improve production, augment organizational and employee performance, increase job satisfaction, and enhance decision making. In health care, teamwork is of vital importance in order to maximize patient care delivery. Interdisciplinary teamwork is recommended as a comprehensive approach for health care teams to provide patientcentered care; combining skills, experience, and knowledge to produce a superior outcome. The origins of teamwork in health care can be traced to Cabot’s work in the early 1900s. His original interdisciplinary team concept was a doctor, social worker, and educator working together in patient care. In today’s health care, the interdisciplinary team model is recommended by national organizations as a means to provide quality care. Interdisciplinary care is recognized as central to improving patient care, outcomes, and patient safety. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (The Joint Commission) requires that long-term care patients receive care in the context of interdisciplinary teams. A 2006 American Geriatrics Society (AGS) position statement supports interdisciplinary care as a means to provide optimal care for older adults. Interdisciplinary care extends beyond care of the elderly into the field of hospice and palliative care. The foundation and philosophy central to hospice and palliative care were built on the interdisciplinary team model. Dame Cicely Saunders, the founder of the hospice movement, was trained as a social worker, nurse, and physician—embodying a nearly complete interdisciplinary team herself. With the growth and increased regulation of the hospice industry in the United States, interdisciplinary teams have been further recognized and mandated. The Medicare Hospice Conditions of Participation (COPs) require hospice agencies to use an interdisciplinary approach through the contributions of various skilled professionals and directs them to work together to meet patient and family needs. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary team is identified as one of the core elements of palliative care by the National Consensus Project for Quality Palliative Care (NCP) and by the National Quality Forum (NQF). The NQF recommends that hospice and palliative care be provided by an interdisciplinary team of palliative care professionals as a means to achieve high-quality healthcare. The purpose of this article is to differentiate the interdisciplinary team from other team structures and to explore the benefits, the key elements in effective team functioning, and the challenges of interdisciplinary teams.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Journal of palliative medicine

دوره 14 5  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2011